Module-Level Electronics

This SolarEdge screen shot shows module-level monitoring for side-by-side comparisons of each module’s output.

If you want to monitor individual modules, which is helpful for keeping tabs on your system, you will need either microinverters or DC-to-DC optimizers (“maximizers”) on each module, or you’ll need to install AC modules. Benefits include maximum power point tracking (MPPT) for each module and the ability mix different modules or orientations in the same PV array. Additionally, partially shaded modules will not impact other modules in an array. Make sure the modules you buy are compatible with these module-level electronics. Microinverter manufacturers provide compatibility lists for each model, and DC-to-DC maximizers need to match module output specs. AC-modules avoid this step in system design because they are preinstalled with a compatible microinverter (offered by various companies including BenQ/AUO Solar, Canadian Solar, Sun Earth Solar Power, SunPower, and Westinghouse). “Smart modules” are becoming available (from companies such as Trina and Upsolar), which have DC-to-DC optimizers already mounted on the modules’ backs.

The reliability of these module-level devices is a consideration. The embedded electronics in these units will be subjected to high temperatures, especially in rooftop installations. Accessibility also needs to be considered in the instance that one (or more) devices fail after installation and need to be replaced.

This Upsolar module comes with a Tigo Energy Maximizer pre-installed.	An Sun Earth Solar Power AC module with its permanently affixed Exeltech microinverter.